Clinical Commentary
Michael M. Helland
Function of the temporomandibular joint is based on the articular design, neuromuscular control and integrity of soft tissue elements that comprise the anatomy. Through the study of kinesiology and arthrokinematics the exact nature of movement is known and with some understanding of the deglutination and masticatory process, the overall function of the temporomandibular joint becomes apparent. The relationship of bony components, ligamentous structures, muscles, and neurology identifies both specific and nonspecific functions that are readily predictable. It is upon this relationship that investigations proceed when attempting to remediate dysfunctions of this much used articulation.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;1(3):145-152.
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Research Report
W. Donald Myers, Kennon Francis
The effects of administration of glucose-electrolyte solution using three different schedules of administration were investigated in 30 high school football players. Environmental conditions during the experiment were 90-95° and 60-62% relative humidity. Schedule I consisted of consumption of fluid ad libitum. Schedule 2 consisted of administration of 120 milliliters of fluid every 15 minutes. Schedule 3 consisted of administration of 240 milliliters of fluid every 15 minutes. Fluid consumption during schedule 1 was 0.8 1 liters, 0.96 liters during schedule 2, and 1.92 liters during schedule 3. Regardless of the schedule followed, weight loss remained approximately 3 kilograms. This deficit of fluid volume was reflected in all groups as a decrease in VO2max.VO2max decreased 31% in schedule 1, and 25 and 23% in schedules 2 and 3, respectively. Physical performance, also measured by time needed to complete a 300-meter obstacle course, increased 36% in schedule 1 and decreased 13 and 28% in schedules 2 and 3, respectively.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;1(3):153-158.
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Research Report
Gary L. Smidt, Louis R. Amundsen, William F. Dostal
The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of trunk flexors and extensors in normal male subjects during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions. Subjects were tested in the sidelying position to minimize the effects of gravity. The pelvis and lower extremities were measured on a custom built force table (lowa Force Table). Muscle strength was expressed as a moment of force (external force times the moment arm) in Newton-meter (N∙m) units. Greater N∙m were registered in the muscle-lengthened position than in the muscle-shortened position for all isometric contractions. The N∙m registered for eccentric contractions always exceeded the N∙m registered for concentric contractions of the same muscle group. The N∙m registered during contractions of trunk extensors always exceeded the values obtained during corresponding modes of contractions (isometric, eccentric, and concentric) of trunk flexors.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;1(3):165-170.
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Clinical Commentary
Greg Kaumeyer, Terry R. Malone
This article describes the anatomical and biomechanical principles necessary for the development of an ankle injury prevention program. The structures of the talocrural joint and the subtalar joint are discussed in detail. The biomechanics of these two joints are discussed and their relationship elucidated. The ligamentous structures of the ankle are discussed in detail. Evaluation of the ankle is discussed in conjunction with mechanisms of athletic injuries. Pertinent principles necessary for the development of an injury prevention program for the ankle are presented.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;1(3):171-
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